Publications

2026

• Bohnen, N. I., Roytman, S., Carli, G., Chou, K. L., Kanel, P., & Albin, R. L. (2026). Cholinergic system changes in levodopa-unresponsive freezing of gait and failure of goal-directed motor behavior in Parkinson’s disease. Neural Regeneration Research. https://doi.org/10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-01957
• Carli, G., Brown, T., Michalakis, F., Biddix, A., Roytman, S., Vangel, R., … & Bohnen, N. I. (2026). White matter lesions disrupt cholinergic pathways important for cognition in Parkinson’s disease. Brain. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awag172
• Brown, T.*,Carli, G.*, Kanel, P., Roytman, S., Barr, J., Bohnen, I.N., & Albin, R. (2026). Baseline Regional Cholinergic Denervation Predicts Cognitive Trajectories in Moderate Parkinson Disease. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology. *These authors equally contributed. http://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.70335

2025

• Kanel, P., Roytman, S., Carli, G., Vangel, R., Barr, J., Michalakis, F., … & Bohnen, N. (2025). Brain atrophy and cholinergic denervation in progressive supranuclear palsy: An MRI and [18F]-FEOBV PET study. Frontiers in Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1695541
• Slingerland, S., de Meyer, E. K., van der Horn, H. J., Carli, G., Slomp, A. C., d’Angremont, E., … & van Laar, T. (2025). Modelling cholinergic and dopaminergic function over time in Parkinson’s disease with and without GBA1 variants. npj Parkinson’s Disease. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-025-01160-3
• Bohnen, J. L., Roytman, S., Wigstrom, T. P., Vangel, R. K., Barr, J. E., Carli, G., … & Bohnen, N. I. (2025). Dietary tributyrin supplementation in Parkinson’s disease: An open-label target engagement study. Neurotherapeutics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurot.2025.e00791
• Griggs, A., Carli, G., Brown, T., Kanel, P., Roytman, S., Pongmala, C., … & Bohnen, N. I. (2025) Retro-Walking and Cholinergic Network Correlates in Parkinson’s Disease. Journal of Movement Disorders. https://doi.org/10.14802/jmd.25109
• Bohnen, N. I., Roytman, S., van der Zee, S., Carli, G., Michalakis, F., Luker, A., … & Kanel, P. (2025). A multicenter longitudinal study of cholinergic subgroups in Parkinson disease. Nature Communications. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60815-0
• Paalanen, N., Roytman, S., van Emde Boas, M., Biddix, A., Luker, A., Michalakis, F., Carli, G., … & Bohnen, N. I. (2025). Mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic innervation modulates Levodopa-related improvements in gait in older slow walking Adults: A [11C] PE2I PET study. Clinical Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prdoa.2025.100353
• Slingerland, S., van Der Zee, S., Carli, G., Slomp, A.C., d’Angremont, E., Boertien, J.M. & van Laar, T. (2025). Cholinergic Degeneration and Cognitive Function in Early GBA1-Related Parkinson’s Disease. Annals of Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.27248
• Chou, K. L., Kanel, P., van Emde Boas, M., Roytman, S., Carli, G., Albin, R. L. & Bohnen, N. I. (2025). Cholinergic System Changes in Dopa-Unresponsive Freezing of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease. Movement Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.30196
• Carli, G., Dortmond, A., Janzen, A., Sittig, E., De Meyer, E., Leenders, K. L., … & Meles, S. (2025). Parkinson’s Disease-Related pattern in isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder as a prodromal progression marker: 8-Year Follow-Up changes assessed at three time points. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-025-07260-9
• Lövdal, S., van Veen, R., Carli, G., Renken, R., Shiner, T., Bregman, N., … & Biehl, M. (2025). IRMA: Machine learning-based harmonization of 18F-FDG PET brain scans in multi-center studies. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-025-07114-4

2024

• Brown, T., Kanel, P., Griggs, A., Carli, G., Vangel, R., Albin, R. L., & Bohnen, N. I. (2024). Regional Cerebral Cholinergic Vesicular Transporter Correlates of Visual Contrast Sensitivity in Parkinson’s Disease: Implications for Visual and Cognitive Function. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.107229
• van Emde Boas, M., Pongmala, C., Biddix, A. M., Griggs, A., Luker, A. T., Carli, G., … & Bohnen, N. I. (2024). Post-Physical Therapy 4-Month In-Home Dynamic Standing Protocol Maintains Physical Therapy Gains and Improves Mobility, Balance Confidence, Fear of Falling and Quality of Life in Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Examiner-Blinded Feasibility Clinical Trial. Journal of frailty, sarcopenia and falls. https://doi.org/10.22540/JFSF-09-267
• Martini, A. L.*, Carli, G.*, Caminiti, S. P., Kiferle, L., Leo, A., Perani, D., & Sestini, S. (2024). Persistent dysfunctions of brain metabolic connectivity in long-covid with cognitive symptoms. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. *These authors equally contributed. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-024-06937-x
• Oertel, W. H., Janzen, A., Henrich, M. T., Geibl, F. F., Sittig, E., Meles, S. K., Carli, G., … & Strupp, M. (2024). Acetyl-DL-leucine in two individuals with REM sleep behavior disorder improves symptoms, reverses loss of striatal dopamine-transporter binding and stabilizes pathological metabolic brain pattern. Nature Communications. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-51502-7
• Bohnen, N. I., Marusic, U., Roytman, S., Paalanen, R., Michalakis, F., Brown, T., Scott, J.H., Carli, G., Albin, R.L., & Kanel, P. (2024). Dynamic balance and gait impairments in Parkinson’s disease: novel cholinergic patterns. Brain communications. https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcae286
• Carli, G., Kanel, P., Roytman, S., Pongmala, C., Albin, R. L., Raffel, D. M., … & Bohnen, N. I. (2024). Noradrenergic cardiac denervation is associated with gait velocity in Parkinson disease: a dual ligand PET study. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-024-06822-7
• Carli, G., Kanel, P., Michalakis, F., Roytman, S., Bohnen, J. L. B., Wigstrom, T. P., … & Bohnen, N. I. (2024). Cardiac sympathetic denervation and anxiety in Parkinson disease. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106997
• Carli, G., Roytman, S., & Bohnen, N. I. (2024). Correspondence: Concerns with the new biological research criteria for synucleinopathy. The Lancet Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(24)00222-9
• Lövdal, S. S.*, Carli, G.*, Orso, B., Biehl, M., Arnaldi, D., Mattioli, P., … & Meles, S. K. (2024). Investigating the aspect of asymmetry in brain-first versus body-first Parkinson’s disease. npj Parkinson’s Disease. *These authors equally contributed. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-024-00685-3
• Roytman, S., Paalanen, R., Carli, G., Marusic, U., Kanel, P., van Laar, T., & Bohnen, N. I. (2024). Multisensory mechanisms of gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease: an integrative review. Neural Regeneration Research. https://doi.org/10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01484

2023

• Sestini, S., Coppola, A., Dona, M., Martini, A. L., Tardelli, E., Montelatici, G., Carli, G., … & Mansi, L. (2023). Rethinking tako-tsubo cardiomyopathy: the contribution of myocardial pathology and molecular imaging. Current Radiopharmaceuticals. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874471016666230515142106
• Bohnen, N. I., & Carli, G. (2023). Reader Response: Serial Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Imaging in Mild Cognitive Impairment With Lewy Bodies, Alzheimer Disease, and Age-Matched Controls. Neurology.
• Kanel, P., Carli, G., Vangel, R., Roytman, S., & Bohnen, N. I. (2023). Challenges and innovations in brain PET analysis of neurodegenerative disorders: a mini-review on partial volume effects, small brain region studies, and reference region selection. Frontiers in Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffnins.2023.1293847
• Slingerland, S., van der Zee, S., Carli, G., Slomp, A. C., Boertien, J. M., Bohnen, N. I., … & Laar, T. V. (2023). Cholinergic innervation topography in GBA-associated de novo Parkinson’s disease patients. Brain. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awad323
• Carli, G.*, Meles, S. K.*, Reesink, F. E., de Jong, B. M., Pilotto, A., Padovani, A., … & Perani, D. (2023). Comparison of univariate and multivariate analyses for brain [18F] FDG PET data in α-synucleinopathies. NeuroImage: Clinical. *These authors equally contributed. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103475
• Carli, G., Meles, S. K., Janzen, A., Sittig, E., Kogan, R. V., Perani, D., … & the REMPET Working Group. (2023). Occipital hypometabolism is a risk factor for conversion to Parkinson’s disease in isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-023-06289-y
• Carli, G.*, Cavicchioli, M.*, Martini, A. L., Bruscoli, M., Manfredi, A., Presotto, L., … & Perani, D. (2023). Neurobiological Dysfunctional Substrates for the Self-Medication Hypothesis in Adult Individuals with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Cocaine Use Disorder: A Fluorine-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Study. Brain Connectivity. *These authors equally contributed. https://doi.org/10.1089/brain.2022.0076
• D’Este, G., Berra, F., Carli, G., Leitner, C., Marelli, S., Zucconi, M., … & Galbiati, A. (2023). Cognitive Reserve in Isolated Rapid Eye-Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder. Brain sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020176
• Caminiti, S. P., & Carli, G. (2023). Molecular imaging evidence in favor or against PDD and DLB overlap. In Neuroimaging in Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821651-4.00015-4

2022

• Boccalini, C.*, Carli, G.*, Vanoli, E. G., Cocco, A., Albanese, A., Garibotto, V., & Perani, D. (2022). Manual and semi-automated approaches to MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Frontiers in Medicine. *These authors equally contributed. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.1073720
• Boccalini, C.*, Carli, G.*, Tondo, G., Polito, C., Catricalà, E., Berti, V., … & Perani, D. Brain metabolic connectivity reconfiguration in the semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia. Cortex. *These authors equally contributed. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2022.05.010
• Boccalini, C.*, Carli, G.*, Pilotto, A., Padovani, A., & Perani, D. Gender differences in dopaminergic system dysfunction in de novo Parkinson’s disease clinical subtypes. Neurobiology of Disease. *These authors equally contributed. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105668
• Boccalini, C., Bortolin, E., Carli, G., Pilotto, A., Padovani, A., Ferini-Strambi, L., & Perani, D. Metabolic connectivity of resting-state networks in alpha synucleinopathies, from prodromal to dementia phase. Frontiers in Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.930735
• Martini, A. L.*, Carli, G.*, Kiferle, L., Piersanti, P., Palumbo, P., Morbelli, S., … & Sestini, S. Time‑dependent recovery of brain hypometabolism in neuro‑COVID‑19 patients. *These authors equally contributed. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-022-05942-2

2021

• Caminiti, S. P.*, Carli, G.*, Avenali, M., Blandini, F., & Perani, D. Clinical and Dopamine Transporter Imaging Trajectories in a Cohort of Parkinson’s Disease Patients with GBA Mutations. Movement Disorders. *These authors equally contributed. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.28818
• Galbiati, A., Carli, G., Fasiello, E., Casoni, F., Zucconi, M., De Gennaro, L., … & Ferini-Strambi, L. Exploring the functional role and neural correlates of K-complexes in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder. Cortex. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2021.08.012
• Beretta, L., Carli, G., Caffarra, P., & Perani, D. Distinct brain dysfunctions underlying visuo-constructive deficit in DLB and AD. Brain Imaging and Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-021-00515-7
• Alongi, P., Chiaravalloti, A., Berti, V., Vellani, C., Trifirò, G., Puccini, G., Carli, G., … & Sestini, S. Amyloid PET in the diagnostic workup of neurodegenerative disease. Clinical and Translational Imaging. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40336-021-00428-x
• Carli, G., Tondo, G., Boccalini, C., & Perani, D. Brain Molecular Connectivity in Neurodegenerative Conditions. Brain Sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11040433
• Perani, D., Caminiti, S. P., Carli, G., & Tondo, G. PET Neuroimaging in Dementia Conditions. PET and SPECT in Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53168-3_9
• Boccalini, C., Carli, G., Pilotto, A., Padovani, A., Perani, D. Gender-related vulnerability of dopaminergic neural networks in Parkinson’s disease. Brain Connectivity. https://doi.org/10.1089/brain.2020.0781

2020

• Carli, G., Caminiti, S. P., Sala, A., Galbiati, A., Pilotto, A., Ferini-Strambi, L., … & Perani, D. Impaired metabolic brain networks associated with neurotransmission systems in the α-synuclein spectrum. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.10.036
• Tondo, G., Carli, G., Santangelo, R., Mattioli, M. V., Presotto, L., … & Perani, D. Biomarker-based definition of limbic-predominant long-lasting amnestic mild cognitive impairment. European Journal of Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.037879
• Carli, G., Boccalini, C., Vanoli, G., Filippi, M., Iannaccone, S., Magnani, G., & Perani, D. Specific occupational profiles as proxies of cognitive reserve induce neuroprotection in dementia with Lewy bodies. Brain Imaging and Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-020-00342-2
• Carli, G., Caminiti, S. P., Galbiati, A., Marelli, S., Casoni, F., Padovani, A., … & Perani, D. In-vivo signatures of neurodegeneration in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. European Journal of Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.14215

2019

• Malpetti, M., Carli, G., Sala, A., Cerami, C., Marcone, A., Iannaccone, S., … & Perani, D. Variant-specific vulnerability in metabolic connectivity and resting-state networks in behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia. Cortex. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2019.07.018
• Galbiati, A., Carli, G., Dodich, A., Marelli, S., Pagnini, C., Cerami, C., … & Ferini-Strambi, L. Qualitative Scoring of the Pentagon Test: A Tool for the Identification of Subtle Cognitive Deficits in Isolated REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Patients. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology. https://doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acz024

2018

• Galbiati, A, Carli, G., Hensley, M., & Ferini-Strambi, L. REM Sleep Behavior Disorder and Alzheimer’s Disease: Definitely No Relationship? Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-171164
• Ferini-Strambi, L., Carli, G., Casoni, F., & Galbiati, A. Restless legs syndrome and Parkinson’s disease: a causal relationship between the two disorders? Frontiers in Neurology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00551
• Dodich, A., Carli, G., Cerami, C., Iannaccone, S., Magnani, G., and Perani, D. Social and cognitive control skills in long-life occupation activities modulate the brain reserve in the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia. Cortex. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2017.12.006